Costa Rica is a paradise for birdwatching enthusiasts. With its unparalleled biodiversity and diverse ecosystems, the country offers a unique experience for those eager to explore its rich birdlife. Among the most fascinating routes for birdwatching is El Camino de Costa Rica, a journey that crosses the country from coast to coast, from the Caribbean to the Pacific. Thanks to Costa Rica’s “narrow” geography (at least in comparison to the rest of the continent), this trail allows visitors to observe an incredible variety of species in distinct habitats, all within a single trip.
A journey through biological diversity
El Camino de Costa Rica traverses cloud forests, tropical jungles, mangroves, and wetlands, making it possible to spot both endemic and migratory species. Along the route, you may encounter iconic birds such as the resplendent quetzal, keel-billed toucans, hummingbirds, and the majestic scarlet macaw. Additionally, flora plays a crucial role in preserving these ecosystems, as fruit trees, bromeliads, and heliconias attract a wide variety of birds that rely on them for food and shelter.
Stages 1, 8, and 14 offer the best birdwatching opportunities. Learn more about them here. Check our gallery of each stage here.
The most easily spotted birds along El Camino de Costa Rica
El Camino de Costa Rica is a haven for birdwatching enthusiasts. Throughout this route, you can find an incredible variety of species, some of which are particularly easy to spot due to their frequent presence and striking behaviors. Here are some of the most common birds you may encounter:
Toucans: colorful and charismatic
Costa Rica has five toucan species, including the keel-billed toucan and the collared aracari. These birds stand out due to their large, colorful beaks and distinctive calls. They are easy to spot as they often perch atop trees searching for fruit.
The two macaws: red and green
The country is home to two macaw species: the scarlet macaw and the great green macaw. The former is primarily found on the Pacific coast, while the latter inhabits the Caribbean forests. Their loud flight and vibrant plumage make them unmistakable and spectacular to observe.
Over 20 types of hummingbirds: tiny winged jewels
Hummingbirds are a highlight of birdwatching in Costa Rica.. Their tiny size and rapid flight make them a common sight in gardens, forests, and reserves. Their iridescent plumage and ability to hover mid-air make them a fascinating spectacle.
Some species are particularly prized by birdwatchers.. The Snowcap (Microchera albocoronata), with its bright white cap and deep purple plumage, is a true gem of the forests. Hermits (Phaethornithinae), with their subtler tones and curved beaks, are experts at navigating dense vegetation. Meanwhile, the Ruby-throated Hummingbird (Archilochus colubris) dazzles with its intensely red throat, especially under sunlight. These species showcase stunning beauty and offer a dynamic spectacle with their agile flight and unrelenting energy.
Quetzals: The jewel of the cloud forests
The resplendent quetzal is one of Costa Rica’s most emblematic birds. Its bright green plumage, red chest, and long tail make it one of the most sought-after species for birdwatching enthusiasts. They are usually found in cloud forests, especially during nesting season.
Three-wattled bellbird: an unmistakable voice
The three-wattled bellbird is more straightforward to hear than to see, thanks to its distinctive metallic call that resembles the sound of a bell. Its white plumage and habit of perching on high branches make it more visible in the humid forests along the route. (picture of @fizzylina).
Herons: elegance in wetlands
These birds are common in Costa Rica’s wetlands and rivers, from the tiger heron to the great egret. They are often seen in shallow waters hunting for fish or resting among aquatic vegetation.
King Vulture: a majestic giant
Among scavengers, the king vulture stands out for its striking appearance. With a multicolored head and an imposing size, this bird is easy to identify as it soars through the skies in search of food. (picture by Jeff-Hapeman).
The Rarest Birds We've Spotted
We've covered some of the most common birds, but during our expeditions, we've also been fortunate to spot some of the most fascinating and elusive species. Among them, the white-crested coquette and the agami heron stand out, remarkable for their appearance and the rarity of their sightings. Want to know more about them?
White-Crested Coquette: A Tiny Winged Treasure
The white-crested coquette (Lophornis adorabilis) is a spectacularly tiny hummingbird that looks like something out of a fairy tale. Measuring just 7 cm, its most striking feature is its fluffy white crest, which contrasts beautifully with its iridescent green plumage. Males are particularly dazzling, with a bright orange throat that makes them stand out as they hover among flowers in search of nectar.
Spotting this bird is a privilege due to its rarity and swift movements. It is speedy and challenging to track, making every sighting an exhilarating experience. Additionally, its habitat is restricted to some regions of Costa Rica’s Pacific coast and western Panama, making each encounter even more special. (Picture by Oscar Ramirez Alan).
Agami Heron: A Spectacle of Elegance
The agami heron (Agamia agami) is one of the most enigmatic and elusive birds in Costa Rica’s wetlands and rivers. Its plumage is a masterpiece of nature, blending shades of blue, red, and gray with long, delicate feathers that give it an unparalleled elegance. Its long, sharp beak makes it an expert fish hunter, a mesmerizing sight for those lucky to witness it.
Despite its beauty, the agami heron is among the most challenging birds to observe, as it prefers to stay hidden among dense mangrove vegetation. Its stealthy behavior and ability to move silently make each sighting an actual achievement for birdwatching enthusiasts. (Picture by Jorge Gabriel Campos).
You will find several local bird guidebooks in Costa Rica, but we recommend you this The Birds of Costa Rica: A Field Guide (Zona Tropical Publications)
An Unforgettable Experience
Observing these two species in their natural habitat is a reminder of Costa Rica’s incredible biodiversity. Each sighting blends patience, excitement, and admiration for nature’s perfect design. If you ever have the chance to explore the country’s trails and wetlands in search of birds, stay alert—you might just be lucky to see one of these winged treasures in action.
Tips and gear for a successful birdwatching experience with Urritrek
To make the most of birdwatching along El Camino de Costa Rica, having the right equipment is key:
- Binoculars: A high-quality pair helps spot birds from a distance and appreciate fine details.
- Camera: Capture moments and document species.
- Bird Guide: A field guide or app for quick identification.
- Clothing & Accessories: Wear neutral tones, a hat for sun protection, and insect repellent.
Looking for new gear? Check out this Wired list featuring top binocular options.
At Urritrek, we take steps to enhance sightings while respecting the birds’ habitat:
- Identify key areas: knowing feeding and resting spots increases sighting chances.
- Minimize noise: speak softly and move carefully to avoid startling birds.
- Blend in: earth-toned clothing reduces visibility and prevents disturbance.
These simple strategies help create an unforgettable birdwatching experience.
The best Time of year for birdwatching in Costa Rica
Birdwatching in Costa Rica is possible year-round, but certain seasons offer better opportunities based on migration patterns and climate:
Pacific Winter (December–February): Many migratory species from the Northern Hemisphere arrive on Costa Rica’s coasts and forests.
February–April: An ideal period for birdwatching, as many species are nesting, making them easier to spot while they search for mates or care for their young.
A birdwatching gem you won’t want to miss
El Camino de Costa Rica is a birdwatcher’s paradise, offering a rich variety of species and ecosystems in one incredible journey. Proper preparation and a commitment to respecting wildlife make this trek an unforgettable experience for any birdwatcher.
If you're looking for an adventure in close contact with nature, this trail will offer you the chance to marvel at the splendor of Costa Rica’s fauna and flora. If you want a quote for your Camino de Costa Rica trip with Urritrek, come here!
